Polymastiidae (demospongiae: hadromerida) with ornamented exotyles: a review of morphological affinities and description of a new genus and three new species
Plotkin, Alexander Morrow, Christine Gerasimova, Elena Rapp, Hans Tore
Plotkin, Alexander
Morrow, Christine
Gerasimova, Elena
Rapp, Hans Tore
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Publication Date
2016-05-24
Type
Article
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Plotkin, Alexander; Morrow, Christine; Gerasimova, Elena; Rapp, Hans Tore (2016). Polymastiidae (demospongiae: hadromerida) with ornamented exotyles: a review of morphological affinities and description of a new genus and three new species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 97 (6), 1351-1406
Abstract
All polymastiid sponges displaying ornamented exotyles are reviewed and their morphological affinities are reconsidered. The study embraces all known species of Proteleia, Sphaerotylus, Trachyteleia and Tylexocladus as well as several species of Polymastia. A new genus, Koltunia, is established for the Antarctic species Proteleia burtoni based on the unique shape of distal ornamentations of its giant exotyles and on the absence of a spicule palisade in its cortex, a rare feature among the polymastiids. Three new species of Sphaerotylus are described - S. renoufi from the British Isles, S. strobilis from South Africa and S. tjalfei from West Greenland. Transfer of one New Zealand species from Polymastia to Proteleia and of one Chilean species from Polymastia to Sphaerotylus is proposed. The present study provides a background for future integrative phylogenetic analyses based on comprehensive molecular and morphological datasets which should reveal the natural relationships between the polymastiid taxa.
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Publisher
Cambridge University Press (CUP)
Publisher DOI
10.1017/s0025315416000655
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Ireland