Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in human milk from Ireland: Implications for adult and nursing infant exposure
Abou-Elwafa Abdallah, Mohamed Wemken, Nina Drage, Daniel Simon Tlustos, Christina Cellarius, Claire Cleere, Kathy Morrison, John J. Daly, Sean Coggins, Marie Ann Harrad, Stuart
Abou-Elwafa Abdallah, Mohamed
Wemken, Nina
Drage, Daniel Simon
Tlustos, Christina
Cellarius, Claire
Cleere, Kathy
Morrison, John J.
Daly, Sean
Coggins, Marie Ann
Harrad, Stuart
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Publication Date
2019-12-20
Type
Article
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Citation
Abdallah, Mohamed Abou-Elwafa, Wemken, Nina, Drage, Daniel Simon, Tlustos, Christina, Cellarius, Claire, Cleere, Kathy, Morrison, John J., Daly, Sean, Coggins, Marie Ann, Harrad, Stuart. (2020). Concentrations of perfluoroalkyl substances in human milk from Ireland: Implications for adult and nursing infant exposure. Chemosphere, 246, 125724. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125724
Abstract
Concentrations of 10 perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) were measured in 16 pools of human milk from Ireland. Only four PFASs were detected (PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS and PFOS), with concentrations dominated by PFOA which was detected in all samples at a median of 0.10 ng/mL. Concentrations and the relative abundance of PFASs in human milk from Ireland are within the range reported for other countries. Estimated exposures for nursing infants to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) do not suggest a health concern. A one compartment pharmacokinetic model was used to predict the intakes of PFOS and PFOA required to support the observed concentrations in human milk. This suggests current adult exposure in Ireland to PFOS is below the provisional tolerable weekly intake (TWI) proposed by EFSA. In contrast, the model predicts that the maximum concentration detected in human milk in this study, implies a level of adult exposure that would exceed EFSA s provisional TWI for PFOA. As exposure of the Irish population to PFASs via drinking water, indoor air and dust is well-characterised, current understanding suggests that the major contributor to overall exposure of the Irish population is via the diet and/or less well-studied pathways like dermal uptake from PFAS-containing fabrics and cosmetics.
Publisher
Elsevier
Publisher DOI
10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125724
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Ireland