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Deciphering the bipolar planetary nebula abell 14 with 3d ionization and morphological studies

Akras, S.
; 
Clyne, N.
; 
Boumis, P.
; 
Monteiro, H.
; 
Gonçalves, D. R.
; 
Redman, M. P.
; 
Williams, S.
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Publication Date
2016-02-23
Keywords
binaries: general, ism: abundances, ism: kinematics and dynamics, planetary nebulae: individual: abell 14, intermediate-mass stars, galactic bulge region, agb stars, suwt 2, evolution, photoionization, distances, catalog, binary, abundances
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Article
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Akras, S. Clyne, N.; Boumis, P.; Monteiro, H.; Gonçalves, D. R.; Redman, M. P.; Williams, S. (2016). Deciphering the bipolar planetary nebula abell 14 with 3d ionization and morphological studies. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 457 (4), 3409-3419
Abstract
Abell 14 is a poorly studied object despite being considered a born-again planetary nebula. We performed a detailed study of its 3D morphology and ionization structure using the SHAPE and MOCASSIN codes. We found that Abell 14 is a highly evolved, bipolar nebula with a kinematical age of similar to 19 400 yr for a distance of 4 kpc. The high He abundance, and N/O ratio indicate a progenitor of 5 M-circle dot that has experienced the third dredge-up and hot bottom burning phases. The stellar parameters of the central source reveal a star at a highly evolved stage near to the white dwarf cooling track, being inconsistent with the born-again scenario. The nebula shows unexpectedly strong [N I] lambda 5200 and [O I] lambda 6300 emission lines indicating possible shock interactions. Abell 14 appears to be a member of a small group of highly evolved, extreme type-I planetary nebulae (PNe). The members of this group lie at the lower-left corner of the PNe regime on the [NII]/H alpha versus [S II]/H alpha diagnostic diagram, where shock-excited regions/objects are also placed. The low luminosity of their central stars, in conjunction with the large physical size of the nebulae, result in a very low photoionization rate, which can make any contribution of shock interaction easily perceptible, even for small velocities.
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Publisher
Oxford University Press (OUP)
Publisher DOI
10.1093/mnras/stw038
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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Ireland
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Externally hosted open access publications with University of Galway authors (2)