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The anti-inflammatory effect of algae-derived lipid extracts on lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated human thp-1 macrophages

Robertson, Ruairi
; 
Guihéneuf, Freddy
; 
Bahar, Bojlul
; 
Schmid, Matthias
; 
Stengel, Dagmar
; 
Fitzgerald, Gerald
; 
Ross, R.
; 
Stanton, Catherine
Repository DOI
Publication Date
2015-08-20
Keywords
microalgae, macroalgae, thp-1, inflammation, lipids, n-3 pufa, polyunsaturated fatty acids, macrophages, chlorophyll a, bioactive pigments, polyunsaturated fatty-acids, pro-inflammatory mediators, raw 264.7 macrophages, nf-kappa-b, pavlova-lutheri, cardiovascular-disease, docosahexaenoic acid, metabolic syndrome, arachidonic-acid, gene-expression
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Robertson, Ruairi; Guihéneuf, Freddy; Bahar, Bojlul; Schmid, Matthias; Stengel, Dagmar; Fitzgerald, Gerald; Ross, R. Stanton, Catherine (2015). The anti-inflammatory effect of algae-derived lipid extracts on lipopolysaccharide (lps)-stimulated human thp-1 macrophages. Marine Drugs 13 (8), 5402-5424
Abstract
Algae contain a number of anti-inflammatory bioactive compounds such as omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) and chlorophyll a, hence as dietary ingredients, their extracts may be effective in chronic inflammation-linked metabolic diseases such as cardiovascular disease. In this study, anti-inflammatory potential of lipid extracts from three red seaweeds (Porphyra dioica, Palmaria palmata and Chondrus crispus) and one microalga (Pavlova lutheri) were assessed in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated human THP-1 macrophages. Extracts contained 34%-42% total fatty acids as n-3 PUFA and 5%-7% crude extract as pigments, including chlorophyll a, -carotene and fucoxanthin. Pretreatment of the THP-1 cells with lipid extract from P. palmata inhibited production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 (p < 0.05) and IL-8 (p < 0.05) while that of P. lutheri inhibited IL-6 (p < 0.01) production. Quantitative gene expression analysis of a panel of 92 genes linked to inflammatory signaling pathway revealed down-regulation of the expression of 14 pro-inflammatory genes (TLR1, TLR2, TLR4, TLR8, TRAF5, TRAF6, TNFSF18, IL6R, IL23, CCR1, CCR4, CCL17, STAT3, MAP3K1) by the lipid extracts. The lipid extracts effectively inhibited the LPS-induced pro-inflammatory signaling pathways mediated via toll-like receptors, chemokines and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-B) signaling molecules. These results suggest that lipid extracts from P. lutheri, P. palmata, P. dioica and C. crispus can inhibit LPS-induced inflammatory pathways in human macrophages. Therefore, algal lipid extracts should be further explored as anti-inflammatory ingredients for chronic inflammation-linked metabolic diseases.
Funder
Publisher
MDPI AG
Publisher DOI
10.3390/md13085402
Rights
Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Ireland
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Externally hosted open access publications with University of Galway authors (2)