Differentiation of sensory and neuronal cell types from neurogenic placodes

Schlosser, Gerhard. (2021). Differentiation of sensory and neuronal cell types from neurogenic placodes In Gerhard Schlosser, Development of sensory and neurosecretory cell types: Vertebrate cranial placodes, Volume 1. Boca Raton: CRC Press.

Abstract

Chapter 6 discusses, how general mechanisms of sensory/neuronal differentiation are modulated in a placode-specific way to produce the specific sensory and neuronal cell types generated by individual placodes. For each placode, structure and function of its various derivative cell types is first reviewed, followed by an overview of transcription factors regulating specification and differentiation of these cell types. This survey suggests that the specification of general somatosensory neurons (GSNs) developing from the profundal and trigeminal placodes depends on a core-regulatory network (CoRN) of Neurog1/2, POU4f1, Islet1, Tlx1/3, and Pax3. The viscerosensory neurons derived from epibranchial placodes, instead require Phox2b (which represses POU4f1), but share other transcription factors with GSNs (e.g. Neurog1/2, Islet1, Tlx1/3). The CoRNs of the special somatosensory neurons (SSNs) derived from the otic and lateral line placodes (including Neurog1, Islet1 and POU4f1) likewise overlap with those of GSNs, while some members of the CoRNs specifying the hair cells derived from the same placodes (e.g. Atoh1, POU4f3, Gfi1 and Prox1) are shared with other sensory cell types. The CoRNs specifying SSNs and hair cells, therefore, most likely involve additional, regionally confined transcription factors such as Pax2/8. The receptor neurons originating from the olfactory placode, in contrast, rely on a different CoRN (e.g. Ascl1, Lhx2, DMRT4/5).

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CRC Press

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Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International

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Zoology (Book Chapters)