Concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in human milk from Ireland: temporal trends and implications for nursing infant exposure
Houlihan, Margarete Wemken, Nina Keogh, Myra O’Riordain, Colman Noone, Conor Tierney, Julie Claire Cellarius, Claire Cleere, Kathy Morrison, John J. Daly, Sean
Houlihan, Margarete
Wemken, Nina
Keogh, Myra
O’Riordain, Colman
Noone, Conor
Tierney, Julie
Claire Cellarius, Claire
Cleere, Kathy
Morrison, John J.
Daly, Sean
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Repository DOI
Publication Date
2021-11-19
Type
Article
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Citation
Houlihan M, Wemken N, Keogh M, O’Riordain C, Noone C, Tierney J, Cellarius C, Cleere K, Morrison JJ, Daly S, Harrad S, Tlustos C, Coggins MA. Concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in human milk from Ireland: temporal trends and implications for nursing infant exposure. J Environ Expo Assess 2021;1:2. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/jeea.2021.02
Abstract
Aim: The elucidation of temporal trends in human exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and 17 polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and furans (PCDD/Fs) since the previous Irish human milk surveys and to evaluate the impacts of legislative bans and restrictions on human exposure to these compounds. Methods: Concentrations of PCBs and 17 PCDD/Fs were measured in 16 pools of human milk collected from 92 Irish primiparas participating in the Irish EPA-funded ELEVATE project between October 2016 and April 2018, using Gas-Chromatography coupled with Mass spectrometry. Results: The geometric mean upper bound concentration of 16 pooled human milk samples [PCDD/Fs + dioxin-like (dl)-PCB TEQ; 4.5 ng kg-1 lipid weight] are on the lower end of those reported internationally. WHO-TEQ PCDD/Fs + dl-PCB are significantly lower (P
Publisher
OAE Publishing Inc
Publisher DOI
10.20517/jeea.2021.02
Rights
CC BY-NC-ND 3.0 IE